Part Two: Defining Freedom
Scholars discuss the evolution of the definition of freedom for emancipated slaves after the Civil War.
![](/sites/default/files/brightcove/videos/images/posters/image_467.jpg)
How It Feels to Be Colored Me
Zora Neale Hurston describes her sense of identity and experience being a black woman in this 1928 essay.
![Author Zora Neale Hurston wearing a hat with her head turned to her right.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-09/Zora_Neale_Hurston_1938_Wikimedia_Commons.jpeg?h=8e4088dc&itok=sQRUzvvP)
The French Bishops' Protest Against the Nazi Occupation in France and the Vel' d'Hiv Police Roundup
Scholar Aliza Luft discusses how French bishops reacted to the growing hostility towards Jews in occupied France during World War II.
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The “Immigration Problem”
Learn about the restrictive immigration measures established in the United States throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
Analysis & Reflection
Enhance your students’ understanding of our readings on civic participation with these follow-up questions and prompts.
![Agosin Tapestries of Hope, Threads of Love Pg. 76](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/HHB_Chapter_12_Medium_res.jpg?h=0704619c&itok=WsQTWf0G)
Pardon/Franchise Engravings by Thomas Nast
Wood engravings by Thomas Nast depict the tension between the demands of healing and justice during the Reconstruction era.
![Centerfold prints show Columbia considering why she should pardon Confederate troops who are begging for forgiveness when an African American Union soldier with an amputated leg does not have the right to vote.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/1865_PardonFranchiseColumbiaShallItrustthesemenandnotthisman_FH2125825.jpg?h=5d059bf2&itok=rLpFJ0P6)
The Bear That Wasn't
Explore identity, conformity, and authority with this modern fable about a bear forced to navigate society's perception of who he is.
![An illustration from Fred Tashlin's The Bear That Wasn't.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Bear_04_Medium_res.jpg?h=e234a08a&itok=1oJczY0C)
The Bear That Wasn't (en español)
Explore identity, conformity, and authority with this modern fable about a bear forced to navigate society's perception of who he is. This resource is in Spanish.
![An illustration from Fred Tashlin's The Bear That Wasn't.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Bear_04_Medium_res.jpg?h=e234a08a&itok=1oJczY0C)
"Shall We Call Home Our Troops?" (1875)
Wood engraving by Thomas Nast from Harper's Weekly depicting the reaction of the radical South toward African Americans after the North does not follow up their promises.
![Reaction of radical South toward Negro after North does not follow up her promises to the Negro.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/1875_ShallWeCallHomeOurTroops_FH140922_0.png?h=e9b139c1&itok=V7N6KFpC)
"The Birth of a Nation" Summarizes Reconstruction
Title cards, or intertitles, from The Birth of a Nation, a 1915 film portraying D.W. Griffith's racist vision of life in the South during the Civil war era.
![Title cards, or intertitles, from The Birth of a Nation, a 1915 film portraying D.W. Griffith's racist vision of life in the South during the Civil war era.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/1915_TheBirthofaNationtitlecardsdescribingReconstruction_FH2169421.png?h=ca3390b1&itok=EdxwGVd6)
The Blink of an Eye
Learn what new research into human behavior reveals about prejudice, unconscious bias, and our brains' practice of creating categories and expectations for others.
![Photograph by James Luna.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/HHB_Chapter_2_Medium_res.jpg?h=c9f93661&itok=OtysDNT5)