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Facing History’s unique approach combines adaptable teaching materials, professional learning, and ongoing support to equip teachers with the tools and practices they need to help students fully engage in their learning. Our continuously growing collection of resources are designed to promote academic rigor, social-emotional learning, and create connections between the complexities of history and today.
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Negotiating the Convention on the Punishment and Prevention of the Crime of Genocide
Lemkin proved himself a relentless activist. He worked tirelessly as a lobbyist, a strategist, and an agitator, in order to establish the Genocide Convention with the help of the United Nations on December 9, 1948.
![A photograph of several delegates who signed the UN Genocide Convention Credit: US Holocaust Memorial Museum, gift of United Nations](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-09/Lemkin_Ratification_Of_Genocide_Convention_FH131485.jpg?h=6db1c67f&itok=hEICVT3F)
International Law in the Age of Genocide
While Lemkin was able to convince diplomats at the United Nations to pass the Genocide Convention, his work was not complete upon his death. The job of lobbying governments across the world to ratify the convention was left to ordinary people.
![A photograph of several delegates who signed the UN Genocide Convention Credit: US Holocaust Memorial Museum, gift of United Nations](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-09/Lemkin_Ratification_Of_Genocide_Convention_FH131485.jpg?h=6db1c67f&itok=hEICVT3F)
France, Great Britain, and Russia Joint Declaration, 1915
In 1915, France, Great Britain, and Russia, issued a declaration condemning the ongoing Armenian genocide carried out in the Ottoman Empire and threatening to hold the perpetrators accountable.
![A photograph of several delegates who signed the UN Genocide Convention Credit: US Holocaust Memorial Museum, gift of United Nations](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-09/Lemkin_Ratification_Of_Genocide_Convention_FH131485.jpg?h=6db1c67f&itok=hEICVT3F)
Excerpt from Axis Rule in Occupied Europe by Raphael Lemkin
This reading contains an excerpt from Axis Rule in Occupied Europe by Raphael Lemkin, where he coins the term genocide.
![A photograph of several delegates who signed the UN Genocide Convention Credit: US Holocaust Memorial Museum, gift of United Nations](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-09/Lemkin_Ratification_Of_Genocide_Convention_FH131485.jpg?h=6db1c67f&itok=hEICVT3F)
“Sovereignty cannot be conceived as the right to kill millions”
Raphael Lemkin was outraged when he heard that the mass murder of the Armenians went unpunished. He was haunted by the case of Soghomon Tehlirian—an Armenian survivor of the genocide who killed Mehmed Talaat, minister of the interior of the Ottoman Empire (now Turkey).
![A photograph of several delegates who signed the UN Genocide Convention Credit: US Holocaust Memorial Museum, gift of United Nations](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-09/Lemkin_Ratification_Of_Genocide_Convention_FH131485.jpg?h=6db1c67f&itok=hEICVT3F)
Looking at Citizenship through a Literary Lens
This article by Laura Tavares explains how teaching novels can develop empathy, humility, and tolerance.
![Two students sit a table working on a classroom activity, one student is reading and the other is writing on a timeline.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/2019_classroomimage_FH2101645.jpg?h=c11c9c1d&itok=VA-1To0p)
An Indian’s Looking Glass for the White Man, 1833 (abridged)
This abridged primary source is from Native American (Pequot) minister William Apess, an advocate for racial equality and the rights of Native Americans.
![Student working on handout](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-11/DSC08568%20%281%29_0.jpg?h=4362216e&itok=xVbTaYPC)
"An Indian’s Looking Glass for the White Man, 1833 (abridged) (en español)
This abridged primary source is from Native American (Pequot) minister William Apess, an advocate for racial equality and the rights of Native Americans. This resource is in Spanish.
![Student working on handout](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-11/DSC08568%20%281%29_0.jpg?h=4362216e&itok=xVbTaYPC)
Identity and Belonging (UK)
Author Sarfraz Manzoor writes about the experiences that shaped his understanding of what it means to be British and what it means to belong.
![Arms being raised in a crowd](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-08/Belonging_Arms_FH229369_teaser.jpeg?h=56d0ca2e&itok=pStA0gd3)
Shaping Public Opinion (Abridged)
Read about the far-reaching efforts of Joseph Goebbels and the Ministry of Propaganda to generate enthusiasm for the Nazi party.
The Declaration of Independence Excerpt
This short excerpt from the Declaration of Independence allows students to explore the ideals within the founding document.
![Image of the US Declaration of Independence](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-10/master-rbc-rbc0001-2004-2004pe76546-001.jpg?h=6399e814&itok=EyG2saN1)