Introduction: Early Apartheid: 1948-1970
Study the National Party’s implementation of strict racial laws, the forms of defiance by black South Africans and other minority groups, and the government’s harsh reaction to this defiance.
![A group of resisters proudly pose after their release from prison in Durban during the Defiance Campaign Against Unjust Laws, 1952.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Democracy_1952_TheDefianceCampaign_FH281822.jpg?h=56feb499&itok=2LnEBZM4)
Introduction: Growing Resistance Meets Growing Repression
Learn about the figures and events of the 1970s and 80s anti-apartheid movement that succeeded in bringing the National Party to the negotiating table with resistance leaders.
![Group of black South African schoolboys running frantically](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/Soweto_Youth_Uprising.jpg?h=278a64c5&itok=mnoF6QBw)
Introduction: Transition to Democracy
Explore the moments of challenge and hope during South Africa’s transition to democracy, as well as the country’s social, economic, and political issues in the aftermath of apartheid.
![Long line of hundreds of South Africans along a busy highway.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/1994_Election_Voting_Lines_Medium_res.jpg?h=673d5a02&itok=r-7pi3J5)
When Money Had No Value
Learn what caused Germany's hyperinflation in the 1920s, and how economic crisis contributed to a mood of uncertainty in the Weimar Republic.
![A woman takes a basket of banknotes to buy cabbage at a market during the 1933 hyperinflation in Weimar Germany.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Ch04_Image11_Medium_res.jpg?h=743bf4af&itok=TikJcpxP)
Who Is to Blame for the Inflation?
Consider why Jews in the Weimar Republic were made into scapegoats for Germany’s economic crisis and hyperinflation.
![This German election poster from 1930 says, “Work, Freedom, and Bread–Vote National Socialist!""](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Ch04_Image15_Medium_res.jpg?h=91911040&itok=T4-iosds)
Women in the Weimar Republic
Learn what defined the “new woman” in Weimar Germany and read about society's resistance to women’s changing roles in politics and the workforce.
![A crowd of women standing in line at a polling station in the Weimar Republic in 1919, the first year women were allowed to vote.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Ch04_Image12_Medium_res.jpg?h=7627bb82&itok=YljeUuli)
Youth and Belonging in the Weimar Republic
Firsthand accounts from youth in the Weimar Republic shed light on what it was like to come of age during this period of change in Germany.
![A woman takes a basket of banknotes to buy cabbage at a market during the 1933 hyperinflation in Weimar Germany.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Ch04_Image11_Medium_res.jpg?h=743bf4af&itok=TikJcpxP)
An Agreement with the Catholic Church
Learn about the concordat that Hitler and the Catholic Church signed in 1933, and the compromises and gains involved for both parties.
![On the night of January 30, 1933, SA men paraded with torches through Berlin to celebrate Hitler’s appointment as chancellor.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Ch05_Image01_Medium_res.jpg?h=cb9047e7&itok=dS39ItLX)
"The Battle for Work"
Learn about the Nazis’ job creation program during their first year in power, which pursued both reemployment and military rearmament.
![German military recruits swear allegiance to Adolf Hitler.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Ch05_Image02_Medium_res.jpg?h=827069f2&itok=yrklK-Ep)
The Critical Work of Young Adult Literature
In this article, scholar Jennifer Buehler argues for the inclusion of YA literature in the ELA classroom and the value of providing students with books about kids their age.
Marking Criteria Codes
Use these marking criteria codes to give students in-depth feedback, allowing them to understand exactly when/where an error occurs, and to promote student engagement with said feedback.
![A teacher helps students during class.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-08/2020_DSC04333_FH2122257_teaser.jpeg?h=56d0ca2e&itok=QfWGU4nH)