Responsibility of Command
Class A defendants Matsui Iwane and Hirota Koki are questioned as to their knowledge of atrocities committed by those under their command.
![This is a general view of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East meeting in Tokyo in April, 1947.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/IMAGE_38_6_TRIAL_Medium_res.jpg?h=e87e9acc&itok=ZK5Srpjl)
What History Textbooks Leave Out
In 2013, BBC reporter Oi Mariko reflected upon her own childhood education in Japan in the article “What Japanese History Lessons Leave Out”.
![A monument of a woman holding a child stands at the front of the Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/IMAGE_43_7_MONUMENT.jpg?h=c274347c&itok=hLx6w58l)
All-China Resistance Association of Writers and Artists
Learn about a resistance group that used literary efforts to respond to the Japanese occupation of China.
![This scene depicts the Taiping Rebellion, a period of civil war and uprising in China that lasted from 1850–1864.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/IMAGE_11_2_TAIPING.jpg?h=4b6de878&itok=VszUtAnT)
Japanese Diplomats
Read statements from Japanese diplomats rationalizing the brutality of Japanese troops in China.
![Japanese marines during the Battle of Shanghai, 1937](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/1937_Japanese_marines_invaded_Shanghai2.jpg?h=3777c4b7&itok=viPAmKBA)
The Japanese Press
Read an excerpt of a story published in the Japanese press about two Japanese soldiers' brutal actions in China.
![Japanese-Chinese War ADN-ZB / Archive The Japanese Aggression and China's National Liberation Struggle Against the Agressors 1931-1939 Japanese troops taking Nanking. Ann .: January 1938 [Second Japanese-Chinese War, China.- Taking Nanking by Japanese troops.]](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-U1002-502%2C_Japanisch-Chinesischer_Krieg_Medium_res.jpg?h=048697cd&itok=0w4tu3v2)
Hope Frye's Testimony on Child Migrant Detention
Immigration lawyer Hope Frye describes the conditions at child migrant detention centers in her congressional hearing testimony.
![Undocumented immigrant families walk from a bus depot to a respite center after being released from detention in McAllen, Texas, U.S., July 27, 2018.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/PerspectivesonDetention_RTX6D3SR_fullres_Medium_res.jpg?h=c9f93661&itok=on7f84Gi)
Peril and Promise (1980-2000)
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Part six of Latino Americans covers the years since 1980, when a second wave of Cubans arrived in Miami and hundreds of thousands of Salvadorans, Nicaraguans, and Guatemalans fleeing civil wars, death squads, and unrest migrated to the US.
![](/sites/default/files/brightcove/videos/images/posters/image_1366.jpg)
Raphael Lemkin: Watcher of the Sky (Genocide Convention)
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This film, created in partnership between Propeller Films and Facing History & Ourselves from the feature length film Watchers of the Sky, focuses on lawyer Raphael Lemkin’s efforts to develop an international law.
![](/sites/default/files/brightcove/videos/images/posters/image_1614.jpg)
Raphael Lemkin: Watcher of the Sky (Introduction)
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This film, from the feature length movie Watchers of the Sky, focuses on Raphael Lemkin and some of his personal story as well as what became the focus of his life’s work.
![](/sites/default/files/brightcove/videos/images/posters/image_430.jpg)
The Rights of Refugees
Sasha Chanoff, Co-Founder and Executive Director of RefugePoint, explains the definition of the term “refugee” and illustrates how the international community has sought to address refugee issues since the end of World War II.
![](/sites/default/files/brightcove/videos/images/posters/image_658.jpg)