The Role of Gender Among the Partisans
Resistance leader Vitka Kempner recalls attitudes toward women in Soviet partisan units.
Sara Fortis’s Biography
Read the story of Sara Fortis, a young woman who fled her hometown in Greece when the Nazis invaded in 1941 and joined the resistance movement.
Sara Trains Her Army of Women
Learn about the necessity to recruit and train women for an all-female partisan unit.
Sonia Orbuch’s Biography
Learn about the measures taken by a young woman and her family to join a partisan group during the Nazi's forced occupation of Poland.
The Vilna Ghetto Manifesto
Read Abba Kovner’s treatise urging the Jews of the Vilna Ghetto to rise up and resist the Nazis.
Vitka Kempner’s Biography
Learn the story of Vitka Kempner, who as a teenager became a leading figure of the Jewish partisan resistance in Vilna.
The Women Partisans Burn Down a House
Learn about partisan tactics with this retelling of an all-female unit's torching of a perpetrator's home.
Taking Austria
Learn about Nazi Germany's annexation of Austria in 1938, the Anschluss, and the world's response to this act of open aggression.
As the War Ended
Eisenhower, a general during World War II, describes his shock and horror at touring a Nazi concentration camp liberated by US troops.
The Voyage of the St. Louis
Consider why countries including the United States refused to accept Jewish refugees aboard the M.S. St. Louis who sought escape from Nazi-occupied Europe.
The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
Learn about the largest act of resistance by Jews against the Nazis, mounted by prisoners of the Warsaw ghetto.