The Vilna Ghetto Manifesto
Read Abba Kovner’s treatise urging the Jews of the Vilna Ghetto to rise up and resist the Nazis.
![Russian partisans, one of them photographer Faye Schulman, gathering together in the forest, Naliboki Forest, Belarus, December 1944. The Molotava Brigade was a partisan group made up mostly of escaped Soviet Army POWs. The woman pictured is Faye Schulman, a Jewish woman who fled into the Naliboki forest with her camera equipment and joined the Molotova Brigade. For two years in the forest she photographed the partisan's activities, worked as medical aid and participated in the partisans raid's.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-11/Faye_Schulman_with_Russias_partisans_%2836645181980%29.jpg?h=da8abf78&itok=iIIsrJbR)
Vitka Kempner’s Biography
Learn the story of Vitka Kempner, who as a teenager became a leading figure of the Jewish partisan resistance in Vilna.
![Black and white photograph of Vikta Kempner](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-12/Vitka.jpeg?h=81b78760&itok=g3zdrN1I)
The Women Partisans Burn Down a House
Learn about partisan tactics with this retelling of an all-female unit's torching of a perpetrator's home.
![Sara Fortis](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_2016_JewishPartisanSaraFortis_FH227677.jpg?h=830dc38c&itok=BXMUAYRu)
What Did Jews in the Ghettos Know?
Consider how Jews living in the ghettos got information about the outside world, and how much they knew about the mass murders occurring across Europe.
![""Ghetto Dwellings"" , by Petr Ginz, watercolor on paper.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/Holocaust_2016_GhettoDwellings_FH215254.jpg?h=2e411b01&itok=XaVI0wHh)
Le pogrom de la Nuit de Cristal
Découvrez ce qui a incité à la Nuit de Cristal et ayez un aperçu des expériences des Juifs en Allemagne lors de la nuit d’horrible violence de novembre 1938.
![Jewish men are arrested by the SS during Kristallnacht in Baden-Baden, Germany, and forced to march through the streets to a nearby synagogue to see it destroyed.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_1938_ArrestsDuringKristallnacht_%20FH229462.jpg?h=312fc7ac&itok=2A1cNlCb)
Un comportement parfaitement répréhensible
Lisez le rapport de l’audience disciplinaire d’un étudiant allemand qui a choisi d’aider ses voisins juifs après la Nuit de Cristal.
![The German military parades through Vienna on March 15, 1938, after the Anschluss.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_1938_GermanMilitaryAustria_FH229461.jpg?h=ae6913b4&itok=MuA5p8zD)
Les réponses internationales à la Nuit de Cristal
Considérez comment des dirigeants comme FDR, des membres du clergé et des personnes ordinaires dans le monde entier ont réagi à la nouvelle de la Nuit de Cristal.
![In the Chicago Daily News, November 23, 1938, the cartoonist Cecil Jensen pleaded for world leaders to help Europe’s Jews.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Image_Ch07_07_Medium_res.jpg?h=f31e8512&itok=wXnPDOvH)
Témoins passifs des environs du château de Hartheim
Réfléchissez aux raisons pour lesquelles les habitants de Hartheim ont gardé le silence sur les preuves de meurtres de masse dont ils ont été témoins dans leur ville tout au long de la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
![Jews wearing Star of David badges in the Lódz ghetto. Established in 1940, the Germans crowded 160,000 Jews from the Polish city, more than a third of its population, into the ghetto.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_1940_JewsInTheLodzGhetto_%20FH229466.jpg?h=afb0b43a&itok=_7RMUlTN)
Laundrymen and Movies
Learn about the prejudice, stereotypes, and victimization Chinese and Chinese Americans faced in the US in the 1920s.
![This is a photograph of Wong Kim Ark from an federal immigration investigation case conducted under the Chinese Exclusion Acts (1882-1943).](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/1904_IdentificationPhotographonAffidavitforWongKimArk_FH2173435.jpg?h=7218466b&itok=ayWMLquu)
Protestation des évêques français contre l’occupation nazie en France et la rafle de la police du Vel’ d’Hiv
Aliza Luft explique comment les évêques français ont réagi à l’hostilité croissante envers les Juifs en France occupée pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
![](/sites/default/files/brightcove/videos/images/posters/image_1664.jpg)
White Rose Resistance Group
Hans Scholl, Sophie School, and Christoph Probst conversing outdoors in 1942
Hans Scholl, Sophie Scholl, and Christoph Probst in June 1942. They were members of the White Rose, a resistance group that condemned Nazism.
![Hans Scholl, Sophie Scholl, and Christoph Probst in June 1942.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_2016_WhiteRoseResistanceGroup_FH229473.jpg?h=dfc3751c&itok=BjXT-amv)