We and They
Discover how societies throughout history have defined membership based on ideas about human similarities and differences, such as race, religion, and nation.
![Photograph by James Luna.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/HHB_Chapter_2_Medium_res.jpg?h=c9f93661&itok=OtysDNT5)
Understanding Universe of Obligation
Students are introduced to the concept of "universe of obligation" and prompted to illustrate circle of individuals who they feel a responsibility to care for and protect.
![Picture of universe of obligation drawn on a chalkboard.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-11/universe%20of%20obligation_2.jpg?h=c202cbf9&itok=OOQP5hk9)
Introducing Evidence Logs
In step 2 of the unit assessment, students start to gather evidence from historical sources that supports or challenges their initial thinking about the writing prompt.
![Two female students writing at their desk.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Two%20female%20students%20writing.jpg?h=b1a91ebe&itok=nXCXJ4i9)
Adding to Evidence Logs, 1 of 3
In step 3 of the unit assessment, students address the writing prompt in a journal reflection and start to evaluate the quality and relevance of the evidence they are gathering.
![Students writing on a paper.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/SL_190523_0789.jpg?h=c11c9c1d&itok=u07iF1Je)
Adding to Evidence Logs, 2 of 3
In step 4 of the unit assessment, students review the documents and videos from Lessons 14-18 and consider which information supports, expands, or challenges their thinking about the writing prompt.
![Students write at their desks.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2023-07/Chicago_Classroom_2019_FH2101681.jpeg?h=56d0ca2e&itok=pItuRsH2)
Adding to Evidence Logs, 3 of 3
In step 5 of the unit assessment, students reflect on the writing prompt in its entirety, add evidence from Lessons 19-21 to evidence logs, and engage in mini-debates about the writing topic.
![Students write at a table.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2023-07/Chicago_Classroom_2019_FH2101326.jpg?h=2e5cdddf&itok=FdA96TZN)
Refining the Thesis and Finalizing Evidence Logs
In the final step of the unit assessment, students will think about unit as a whole as they answer the writing prompt and start to prepare to write a strong thesis statement for their essay.
Creating Student Projects
Help students develop a larger understanding and appreciation of the Jewish resistance movement during the Holocaust.
![Black and white photograph of six Jewish partisans standing in a forest clearing](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-12/4f728076-da8b-4921-a9c2-26834c0b5d06jpgpagespeedcejNOI-oC_Xq.jpg?h=fff89ad5&itok=PdRWicBS)
Sonia Orbuch: Becoming a Partisan
Explore the choices of Jewish partisan Sonia Orban, and gain a deeper understanding of the complexities that young people faced during the German occupation of Poland.
![Sonia Orbuch, a Jewish partisan in Poland during the Holocaust, and her husband on their wedding day in 1945.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_2016_PartisanSoniaOrbuchafterWorldWarII_FH227675.jpg?h=01b11b5d&itok=fXjQZD3M)
Vitka Kempner: Identity and Resistance
Explore the choices of Vitka Kempner, a Jewish partisan who chose to resist the Nazis.
![Picture of Vitka Kempner](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-12/Vitka_Kempner.jpeg?h=8276ab78&itok=5w9R8E7w)
Frank Blaichman: Ethics in a Time of Genocide
In this lesson, students explore moral and ethical frameworks in relation to teach actions of Frank Blaichman.
![A young, white, mustachioed man wearing a uniform and a hat tilted to the side](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Jewish_Partisan_Frank_Blaichman_FH227676.jpg?h=ad641f7c&itok=o047HoPK)