From Religious Prejudice to Antisemitism (en español)
Learn about the restricted rights and membership of Jews in newly unified Germany, and antisemitism's pervasiveness across Europe during this period. This resource is in Spanish.
![Abstract image of friends.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/Holocaust_2014_friends_FH129352.jpg?h=d9c90c06&itok=awSArrUF)
The Science of Race
Read about the seventeenth- and eighteenth- century scientists who tried to prove that humankind is divided into separate and unequal races.
![The Nazis used public displays to spread their ideas of race. The chart shown here is titled "The Biology of Growth," and is labeled "Stages of Growth for Members of the Nordic Race."](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/Holocaust_2022_Stages_of_Growth_for_Members_of_the_Nordic_Race_FH2173574.jpg?h=4ef8ed75&itok=8_9e8SNU)
Universe of Obligation
Reflect on how individuals, communities, and nations decide who has rights that are worthy of respect and protection with this introduction to the concept of the "universe of obligation."
![Integrated classroom listening to lecture.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/Integrated_Classroom_at_Anacostia_High_School_Washington_DC.jpg?h=84d4f253&itok=A77sd2zj)
Universe of Obligation (UK)
Reflect on how individuals, communities, and nations decide who has rights that are worthy of respect and protection with this introduction to the concept of the "universe of obligation".
![Integrated classroom listening to lecture.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/Integrated_Classroom_at_Anacostia_High_School_Washington_DC.jpg?h=84d4f253&itok=A77sd2zj)
Universe of Obligation (en español)
Reflect on how individuals, communities, and nations decide who has rights that are worthy of respect and protection with this introduction to the concept of the "universe of obligation". This resource is in Spanish.
![Integrated classroom listening to lecture.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/Integrated_Classroom_at_Anacostia_High_School_Washington_DC.jpg?h=84d4f253&itok=A77sd2zj)
Does the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Matter?
Consider the reverberations that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights has made in the years since it was adopted.
![Sixty pairs of shoes mark the site in Budapest, Hungary, where fascist Arrow Cross militiamen shot Jews and threw their bodies into the river in 1944 and 1945. The memorial opened in 2005.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2023-04/Shoes_On_The_Danube_Bank_Memorial_FH229489.jpg?h=8ed7bdd6&itok=hik9xZai)
Remembering the Names
Learn about German artist Gunter Demnig and his work installing plaques that honor Holocaust victims across Europe.
Visual Essay: Holocaust Memorials and Monuments
Study various memorials and monuments and reflect on the ways in which we choose to remember history.
![Sculptor Andy Goldsworthy created this memorial at the Museum of Jewish Heritage in New York City in 2003. Small oak trees were planted by Holocaust survivors in a hole within each stone.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Ch11_image18_Medium_res.jpg?h=fff89ad5&itok=FHZPZ0gI)
Acting on Faith: Dietrich Bonhoeffer's Protest Against National Socialism - Victoria Barnett
Dr. Victoria Barnett speaks about Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a German pastor who took a stand against the Nazis.
![](/sites/default/files/brightcove/videos/images/posters/image_1670.jpg)
Who Is Human?
Consider the conflict in eighteenth-century US and France between the Enlightenment ideal of equality and the existence of deep social inequalities like slavery.
![Photograph by James Luna.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/HHB_Chapter_2_Medium_res.jpg?h=c9f93661&itok=OtysDNT5)
Voices in the Dark
Use this handout in a Stations activity that asks students to explore several aspects of life in the Weimar Republic.
![Poster for Women's Day, March 8, 1914, demanding voting rights for women.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2023-02/Frauentag_1914_Heraus_mit_dem_Frauenwahlrecht.jpg?h=3818de31&itok=CNoaJGZQ)