Free and Fair Elections
This Explainer describes the standards that governments need to meet before, during, and after an election to ensure that the election is "free and fair."
![A line of U.S. voters submitting their ballots behind privacy screens.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Midterm_Elections_high-res_AP_17307716664453__Medium_res.jpg?h=c9f93661&itok=qQHpMtyK)
The Wooden Shoes (en español)
In Spanish, a high school student tells the story behind a pair of wooden shoes and their connection to her family's history in Haiti and the Dominican Republic.
James Baldwin’s Lesson for Teachers in a Time of Turmoil
This 2017 essay by author and former high school teacher Clint Smith draws connections between the role of education in past turbulent historical times and the present political climate.
![Clint Smith speaking at TED@NYC Talent Search](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/2014_ClintSmithatTEDatNYC_FH2173941.jpg?h=f2fcf546&itok=MZdXt6QJ)
“An Antidote to the Far Right's Poison”: The Battle for Cable Street’s Mural
Learn about the artist who created the Cable Street mural in London's East End commemorating the event when thousands stood up in solidarity against Fascist Sir Oswald Mosley.
![The Battle of Cable Street mural depicts details from the confrontation between anti-Fascist demonstrators and Oswald Mosley and his Blackshirts in London's East End.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/2015_SegmentofTheBattleofCableStreetMural_FH2116831.jpg?h=c9f93661&itok=4J4kAw2g)
“I’d Do it All Over Again”: Last Hurrah for the Veterans of Cable Street
Participants of the Battle of Cable Street in London draw connections between the antisemitism in 1936 and racism targeted at the neighborhood’s Bangladeshi community today.
![Woman struggling with police as she is arrested for being an anti-fascist](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Arrested%20Anti-Fascist%20Demonstrator.jpg?h=5265ff56&itok=lPmk0zI3)
Race and Belonging in Colonial America: The Story of Anthony Johnson
Learn about Anthony Johnson, a Black forced laborer who became free in seventeenth-century Virginia.
![Book cover of American flag with faces over it.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Reconstruction_cover_large.jpg?h=51bee232&itok=yY8xN3AK)
Black Officeholders in the South
These tables provide data about African American officeholders in the South during Reconstruction.
![Portrait of man seated in suit.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/REC_04a_Blanche_Bruce.jpg?h=b75a1373&itok=WIl27GuK)
Black Officeholders in the South (en español)
In Spanish, these tables provide data about African American officeholders in the South during Reconstruction.
![Portrait of man seated in suit.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/REC_04a_Blanche_Bruce.jpg?h=b75a1373&itok=WIl27GuK)
Changing Names
Three formerly enslaved people discuss their names and the changes they underwent after Emancipation.
![Men and women dressed up.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Emancipation_Day_celebration_-_1900-06-19.jpg?h=6ea8326e&itok=sLYv2i9o)
Changing Names (en español)
Three formerly enslaved people discuss their names and the changes they underwent after Emancipation. This reading is in Spanish.
![Men and women dressed up.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Emancipation_Day_celebration_-_1900-06-19.jpg?h=6ea8326e&itok=sLYv2i9o)
The Civil Rights Act of 1866
This is the full text of the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which made freedpeople citizens.
![Historical newspaper with headline reading “civil rights bill.”](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/image063.jpg?h=e111bd9d&itok=Y2bjiHOh)