Rejecting Nazism
Learn about the Edelweiss Pirates and the Swing Kids, two German youth groups that questioned Nazism.
![A 1938 photo of a group of Edelweiss Pirates, an unofficial youth groups that emerged in response to the strict regimentation of the Hitler Youth.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_1938_EdelweissPirates_%20FH229438.jpg?h=048697cd&itok=caMiT2YX)
Schooling for the National Community
Learn how the Nazis transformed German schools to advance their nationalist and racial ideologies.
![This propaganda poster from 1933 reads, “Hitler’s fight and Luther’s teaching are the best defense for the German people.”](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_1933_NaziPropagandaDepictingMartinLuther_FH229430.jpg?h=8e8ffec8&itok=U_tsi-fT)
Speaking in Whispers
Learn about the role of cell and block wardens, Germans who collected information about their neighbors in Nazi German society.
![An issue of the antisemitic propaganda newspaper Der Stürmer (The Attacker) is posted on the sidewalk in Worms, Germany, in 1935. The headline above the case says, ""The Jews Are Our Misfortune.""](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_2016_NaziPropagandaNewspaper_FH229452.jpg?h=fb0bd1b2&itok=WOgfci3M)
Speaking in Whispers (en español)
Learn about the role of cell and block wardens, Germans who collected information about their neighbors in Nazi German society. This resource is in Spanish.
![An issue of the antisemitic propaganda newspaper Der Stürmer (The Attacker) is posted on the sidewalk in Worms, Germany, in 1935. The headline above the case says, ""The Jews Are Our Misfortune.""](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_2016_NaziPropagandaNewspaper_FH229452.jpg?h=fb0bd1b2&itok=WOgfci3M)
Spying on Family and Friends
Discover the effects of the “Malicious Attacks” law, which criminalized dissent to the Nazi party, had on one German family and on German society as a whole.
![Hitler Youth groups educated young people according to Nazi principles, and the encouraged comradeship and physical fitness through outdoor activities](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_HitlerYouthHiking_FH229449.jpg?h=827069f2&itok=PbrzWAsf)
Spying on Family and Friends (en español)
Discover the effects of the “Malicious Attacks” law, which criminalized dissent to the Nazi party, had on one German family and on German society as a whole. This resource is in Spanish.
![Hitler Youth groups educated young people according to Nazi principles, and the encouraged comradeship and physical fitness through outdoor activities](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_HitlerYouthHiking_FH229449.jpg?h=827069f2&itok=PbrzWAsf)
The Impact of Nazi Propaganda: Visual Essay
Explore a curated selection of primary source propaganda images from Nazi Germany.
![Hubert Lanzinger Der Bannerträger (The Standard bearer)](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Hubert_Lanzinger_Der_Bannertrager_%28The_Standard_bearer%29_1.jpg?h=798fb176&itok=F6FGMzOE)
In Elizabeth Eckford's Words
After the Federal Judge ordered integration in Little Rock, Arkansas, the "Little Rock Nine" prepared for their first day at Central High School. Governor Orval Faubus, in defiance of the order, called out the Arkansas National Guard. One of the students, Elizabeth Eckford, could not be reached and was therefore not informed of the plan. This is her story.
![Cropped Choices at Little Rock.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Cropped%20Choices%20at%20Little%20Rock.jpg?h=ebd685d1&itok=wjhHdNdc)
Lost in Translation
Rapper Ruby Ibarra reflects on her Filipino-American experience and the role of language in a spoken-word poem.
![Two students look at each other in conversation. One student is also taking notes.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/ClassroomEvent_2018_%20FH287178.jpg?h=a141e9ea&itok=CX7H4ckw)
Women and the National Community
Investigate a primary source text that outlines the Nazis' vision for women in German society.
![This mid-1930s poster says, “The NSDAP (Nazi Party) protects the people. Your fellow comrades need your advice and help, so join the local party organization.”](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_1936_NaziRecruitmentPropaganda_FH229451.jpg?h=5e938d19&itok=Wj-dTXcd)
Youth on the Margins
Consider what it was like to grow up as an outsider in Nazi Germany with these firsthand accounts from a Jehovah's Witness and a Jew.
![Hitler Youth groups educated young people according to Nazi principles, and the encouraged comradeship and physical fitness through outdoor activities](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_HitlerYouthHiking_FH229449.jpg?h=827069f2&itok=PbrzWAsf)