The Social Reality of Race
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Is race a social construct? An American living in the Netherlands is faced with this question when she encounters the Dutch's definition of who is "black."
![Artist Glenn Ligon created Untitled: Four Etchings [B] using a quotation from writer Zora Neale Hurston’s essay, “How It Feels to Be Colored Me.”](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/D15968_Medium_res.jpg?h=c15025bd&itok=EIHlZetq)
Rohingya Refugees Arriving by Boat, 2017
Refugees arrive on the Bangladesh side of the Naf River on October 1, 2017, after fleeing their village in Myanmar.
![A woman and a baby are helped off a boat.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/2017_RohingyaRefugeesArrivingbyBoat_FH261964.jpg?h=eb24755d&itok=pei1Gszb)
Refugiados Rohinyá llegan en Embarcaciones, 2017
Refugiados llegan al territorio de Bangladés cruzando el río Naf el 1 de octubre de 2017, después de huir de su aldea en Birmania.
![A woman and a baby are helped off a boat.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/2017_RohingyaRefugeesArrivingbyBoat_FH261964.jpg?h=eb24755d&itok=pei1Gszb)
Moral Luck and Dilemmas of Judgment (en español)
Reflect on the challenges posed by making moral judgments about the actions of people in the past. This resource is in Spanish.
![The city of Nuremberg with a building in ruins, 1945.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Ch10_Image02_Medium_res.jpg?h=5ec9f416&itok=jXQ5gMYm)
Obeying Orders
Learn how the Nuremberg defendants' argued that German leaders were following orders when committing atrocities during the Holocaust.
![On the right two benches of the accused leaders stretch away from the foreground to the centre of the painting. Behind the defendants stands a line of white-helmeted military police who guard the benches and separate them from the court beyond....](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/HHB_Chapter_10_Medium_res.jpg?h=dfed305d&itok=THFy93nO)
Revenge
Reflect on the desire for revenge that many victorious troops held at the end of World War II.
![After American soldiers liberated Dachau in 1945, an inmate of the camp attacks a German soldier.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Ch10_Image01_Medium_res.jpg?h=d2de68a6&itok=kmBPzss-)
The Possibilities and Limits of Forgiveness
Read the perspectives of authors, ministers, scholars, and rabbis and consider the meaning and limitations of forgiveness, responsibility, and justice.
![After American soldiers liberated Dachau in 1945, an inmate of the camp attacks a German soldier.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Ch10_Image01_Medium_res.jpg?h=d2de68a6&itok=kmBPzss-)
Christian Churches and Antisemitism: New Teachings
Consider how Christian churches confronted their legacy of antisemitism in the years following the Holocaust.
![The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, or Holocaust Memorial, is a memorial in Berlin, Germany to the Jewish victims of the Holocaust.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-07/HHB_Chapter_11_Medium_res.jpg?h=7fb2964e&itok=i4K2A5Oo)
The Tokyo Trials
Examine the international tribunal held by the Allies at the end of World War II that tried and sentenced Japanese leaders for war crimes.
![This is a general view of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East meeting in Tokyo in April, 1947.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/IMAGE_38_6_TRIAL_Medium_res.jpg?h=e87e9acc&itok=ZK5Srpjl)
The Technology of Mass Murder
Learn about the doctors, engineers, and technicians who helped develop the tools that were instrumental in the mass murder of millions of people during the Holocaust.
![International Military Tribunal Nuremberg Chief American prosecutor Justice Robert Jackson delivers the opening speech of the American prosecution at the International Military Tribunal trial of war criminals at Nuremberg.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Prosecutor_Robert_Jackson_at_Nuremberg_Trials.jpg?h=3a805815&itok=wNPQgOGk)
The Giver
Twelve-year-old Jonas lives in a futuristic, seemingly ideal society. However, he discovers this world is far from perfect after being given his lifetime assignment as the Receiver of Memory.
![Book cover of The Giver.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-08/the_giver_cover.jpeg?h=3d0207fa&itok=o5aRibUd)