The Holocaust: The Range of Responses
Students deepen their examination of human behavior during the Holocaust by analyzing and discussing the range of choices available to individuals, groups, and nations.
![Hans Scholl, Sophie Scholl, and Christoph Probst in June 1942.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_2016_WhiteRoseResistanceGroup_FH229473.jpg?h=dfc3751c&itok=BjXT-amv)
The National Socialist Revolution
Consider the factors that made it possible for the Nazis to transform Germany into a dictatorship during their first year in power.
![The Parade of the Political Administrators in Nuremberg, Germany.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_1933_GermanPartyDay_%20FH229691.jpg?h=193b5c49&itok=QZdPclXH)
Kristallnacht
Students learn about the violent pogroms of Kristallnacht by watching a short documentary and then reflecting on eyewitness testimonies.
![Image showing the destruction resulting from Kristallnacht.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Test223817_Original_Medium_res.jpg?h=c8d479ee&itok=g317b1wn)
Conformity and Consent in the National Community
Investigate factors that influenced Germans in the 1930s to conform, if not consent, to the Nazi vision for society, and learn about the consequences for those excluded from that vision.
![A crowd salutes Nazi Leader Adolf Hitler outside the Reich Chancellery in Berlin after a plebiscite, which gave Hitler absolute power as German Fuhrer. August 19, 1934.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_1934_SalutingHitler_FH229692.jpg?h=33252b2e&itok=wqtpArcL)
Open Aggression and World Responses
Consider the dilemmas faced by world leaders as Nazi Germany began taking aggressive action against neighboring countries and individuals in the late 1930s.
![Pedestrians in front of the demolished businesses of Jewish residents on Potsdamer St., Berlin. November 10, 1938.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_1938_PedestriansFrontDestroyedJewishBusinesses_FH223827.jpg?h=603532df&itok=ov-1rXgn)
Laws and the National Community
Students are introduced to the Nazis’ idea of a “national community” and examine how the Nazis used the Nuremberg Laws to define who belonged.
![In 1933, Jewish businessman Oskar Danker and his girlfriend, a Christian woman, were forced to carry signs discouraging Jewish-German integration. Intimate relationships between “true Germans” and Jews were outlawed by 1935.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_DiscouragingGermanJewishIntegration_FH229441.jpg?h=ad1846e1&itok=dfgQyzmm)
A War for Race and Space
Explore Germany's efforts to impose a new order on Europe based on Nazi racial ideology during the first two years of World War II.
![The Jewish population in Poland being "resettled" by German soldiers, circa 1940-41.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_1940_ResettlingPolishJewsInGermany_%20FH229688.jpg?h=b82ee7a4&itok=ZTl0ABqr)
The Power of Propaganda
Students analyze several examples of Nazi propaganda and consider how the Nazis used media to influence the thoughts, feelings, and actions of individual Germans.
![An issue of the antisemitic propaganda newspaper Der Stürmer (The Attacker) is posted on the sidewalk in Worms, Germany, in 1935. The headline above the case says, ""The Jews Are Our Misfortune.""](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_2016_NaziPropagandaNewspaper_FH229452.jpg?h=fb0bd1b2&itok=WOgfci3M)
The Holocaust
Confront the history of the Holocaust, and reflect on the human behavior revealed in the choices of perpetrators, bystanders, resisters, and rescuers.
![A memorial at Auschwitz of shoes taken from prisoners of the camp.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_AuschwitzShoeMemorial_%20FH229698.jpg?h=c9f93661&itok=yasBC2Fw)
Teaching the Holocaust and Human Behaviour in the Classroom
On-Demand
Virtual
Explore our classroom-ready resources and teaching strategies to enable you to best support students in studying the Holocaust.
![Uniformed high school students write at their desks.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2023-04/DSC08346_for_Web_or_Office_Use_0.jpg?h=c9f93661&itok=yDlh3Y7c)
Teaching the Rise of the Nazis Through Images
On-Demand
Virtual
This webinar explores how images from Holocaust and Human Behavior can be used to support students' understanding of key themes in the history of the rise of the Nazis.
![This mid-1930s poster says, “The NSDAP (Nazi Party) protects the people. Your fellow comrades need your advice and help, so join the local party organization.”](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Holocaust_1936_NaziRecruitmentPropaganda_FH229451.jpg?h=5e938d19&itok=Wj-dTXcd)