Names and Freedom
Historians Douglas Egerton and Leon Litwack explain the process of freedpeople adopting new surnames.
![A group of African Americans soberly observe Juneteenth in their hats, canes and bonnets in Austin, TX, 1900.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Emancipation_Day_celebration_-_1900-06-19%20%281%29.jpg?h=6ea8326e&itok=2mUmYjCx)
Names and Freedom (en español)
In Spanish, historians Douglas Egerton and Leon Litwack explain the process of freedpeople adopting new surnames.
![A group of African Americans soberly observe Juneteenth in their hats, canes and bonnets in Austin, TX, 1900.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/Emancipation_Day_celebration_-_1900-06-19%20%281%29.jpg?h=6ea8326e&itok=2mUmYjCx)
Presidential Reconstruction
Investigate aspects of President Andrew Johnson’s plans for Reconstruction that outlined how to bring former Confederate citizens and states back into the Union.
![A photograph of Andrew Johnson.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/03751u.jpg?h=8c44f663&itok=SOBBoTvF)
Reconstructing Mississippi
Learn about the accomplishments of the first interracial legislature in Mississippi from the account of John Roy Lynch, a freedman who served in the state’s House of Representatives.
![Photograph shows a montage of seventy-five portraits of members of the Mississippi State Legislature (1874-1875)](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/mississippi-legislature-1874-75.jpg?h=6c376ef6&itok=NdPaXqS1)
Reconstructing Mississippi (en español)
In Spanish, learn about the accomplishments of the first interracial legislature in Mississippi from the account of John Roy Lynch, a freedman who served in the state’s House of Representatives.
![Photograph shows a montage of seventy-five portraits of members of the Mississippi State Legislature (1874-1875)](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-06/mississippi-legislature-1874-75.jpg?h=6c376ef6&itok=NdPaXqS1)
The Spirit of Liberty
Judge Learned Hand, a federal judge and legal thinker, reflects on the roles of the law and citizens’ hearts and minds in upholding liberty.
![Portrait photograph of Judge Learned Hand.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/1910_BillingsLearnedHand_FH2170280.jpg?h=7f023bc4&itok=rMERs7hl)
Feathers of Hope
Read excerpts from a plan created by Indigenous youth activists to address the legacy of colonialism and residential schools in their communities.
![Cover of "Stolen Lives: The Indigenous Peoples of Canada and the Indian Residential Schools."](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/FHAO_stolenLives_HR_graphic.png?h=e2f3be3a&itok=E26V-38t)
Feathers of Hope (Les plumes de l’espoir)
Lisez des extraits d’un plan créé par de jeunes militants autochtones pour aborder le triste héritage du colonialisme et des pensionnats autochtones dans leurs communautés.
![Cover of "Stolen Lives: The Indigenous Peoples of Canada and the Indian Residential Schools."](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/FHAO_stolenLives_HR_graphic.png?h=e2f3be3a&itok=E26V-38t)
The Japanese Press
Read an excerpt of a story published in the Japanese press about two Japanese soldiers' brutal actions in China.
![Japanese-Chinese War ADN-ZB / Archive The Japanese Aggression and China's National Liberation Struggle Against the Agressors 1931-1939 Japanese troops taking Nanking. Ann .: January 1938 [Second Japanese-Chinese War, China.- Taking Nanking by Japanese troops.]](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-U1002-502%2C_Japanisch-Chinesischer_Krieg_Medium_res.jpg?h=048697cd&itok=0w4tu3v2)
Western Diplomats
Consider how diplomats from Western countries responded to news of the Nanjing atrocities.
![Chinese citizens, and American and British visitors, evacuate Nanjing in preparation for an attack by the Japanese.](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/IMAGE_33_5_EVACUATION_Medium_res.jpg?h=d9e3d5ec&itok=xyqP52So)
Western Imperialism in East Asia
Introduce students to the history of Western imperialism in East Asia with this historical overview and map.
![An Ukiyo-e of the Utagawa school depicting foreigners in Japan, including Russians, Dutch, British, Americans, French and Chinese. A closeup of the Dutch, Americans and Chinese in the center of the picture](/sites/default/files/styles/dynamic_stack_296_1x/public/2022-05/Foreign_nations_in_Japan.jpg?h=bb3745a7&itok=kNJq-Ev3)